... (1917) and separate landing decks in 1918 together with Vindictive (a month behind Argus) Only after that do we get to HMS Argus with a flat deck in Sept 1918. Argus was laid down in 1914 by William Beardmore and Company in Dalmuir, as the Conte Rosso. Most read. The ship's crew totalled 495 officers and men. Two days later, the two carriers, in Operation Perpetual, sailed to the west of Sicily and flew off their 37 Hurricanes; three of the fighters were lost en route. 451–52, Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy, Ships That Mother Seaplanes: craft of the "hush-hush" fleet may play a part in first trans-Atlantic flight, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Argus_(I49)&oldid=963040933, World War I aircraft carriers of the United Kingdom, World War II aircraft carriers of the United Kingdom, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 June 2020, at 13:05. Medal Of Honor: He Put Up Such A Fight In Captivity, The Viet Cong Executed Him Out Of Frustration; He’s Called The Ghost, Has The Same Medal Count As Audie Murphy, And Is Virtually Unknown [3], Argus's stability had been a concern from the beginning. The ship was also fitted with bulk petrol storage, new four-inch guns that used fixed ammunition, and new radio masts. She and the escort carrier Avenger joined a convoy returning to the United Kingdom on the evening of 14/15 November that was spotted by the Germans. The ship was under repair for a month after she reached the United Kingdom, but she required a more thorough refit that lasted from February to May 1943. Argus joined the Atlantic Fleet in January 1920 for its Spring Cruise carrying eight Ship Strutters, four Sopwith Camel fighters, two Airco DH.9A bombers and two Fairey floatplanes. [13], Argus was commissioned at Devonport on 30 July, 1938.[14]. The Bristol Fighters were transferred to Argus by crane). Despite her odd genesis, she boasted a continuous flight deck and more accurately reflected a mature aircraft carrier than any previous vessel. The turbines were designed for a total of 20,000 shaft horsepower (15,000 kW), but they produced 21,376 shaft horsepower (15,940 kW) during her sea trials in September 1918, and gave Argus a speed of 20.506 knots (37.977 km/h; 23.598 mph). Royal Navy, ARGUS (HMS), aircraft carrier Royal Navy, BLANKNEY (HMS), escort destroyer Royal Navy, CAIRO (HMS), light cruiser Royal Navy, CANADA (HMS), battleship Royal Navy, EAGLE (HMS), aircraft carrier (1946) Royal Navy, Liverpool Royal Navy, Malaya Royal Navy, Queen Elizabeth Arwyne (Commander) Bell-Davies, R George V, King German Imperial Navy, Koenigsberg German Imperial … The HMS Argus was the first ship to be an aircraft carrier, but she was a converted ocean liner. In December, she became an accommodation ship and was listed for disposal in mid-1946. She was built with a flush unobstructed flight deck after the Royal Navy’s unsuccessful divided flight deck experiment used on the HMS Furious following her conversion from a Light Battle Cruiser to a carrier. [44], British naval ship classes of the First World War, British naval ship classes of the Second World War, Shores, Cull and Malizia 1991, pp. The carrier embarked two Fulmars from 807 Squadron, nine Swordfish from 813 Squadron and four more Swordfish from 824 Squadron to protect the convoy from submarines while Eagle loaded 20 Fulmars and Sea Hurricanes from three different squadrons. Page 1 . Argus also evaluated various types of arresting gear, general procedures needed to operate a number of aircraft in concert and fleet tactics. Sent for break-up at … As the limitations of existing carriers became more apparent, this design was dusted off and the Admiralty located two lar… By April 1940, the ship had been rearmed with two QF Mk V 4-inch anti-aircraft guns on her quarterdeck, as well as three quadruple Vickers .50 machine gun mounts; one of these was on each side of her hull and the third was on the centreline of the quarterdeck. 282–84, Shores, Cull and Malizia 1991, pp. [36] The Spitfires were flown off successfully, but the engines of the Albacores all began to overheat and they were forced to return to the carrier. HMS Argus seen after the 1925-26 refit. Argus was refitted from 23 December to 21 March 1919 with modified arresting gear. She spent one brief deployment on the China Station in the late 1920s before being placed in reserve for budgetary reasons. [31], In late August to early September, Argus transported 24 Hurricanes of No. The rear magazine and the torpedo warhead storage magazine were protected by a total of 2 inches (51 mm) of protective plating on all sides, but the forward magazine and bomb storage rooms had only a 2-inch thick deck to protect them. Argus became an accommodation ship at Chatham[24] in December[43] and she was approved for scrapping on 6 May 1946. (The aircraft could not be flown off Ark Royal since it was a seaplane carrier with no flight deck. They normally exhausted underneath the aft end of the flight deck, but the exhaust could be vented through openings on the rear side of the hull by two large electric fans. HMS Argus. She rendezvoused with Force H four days later and launched the aircraft on the morning of 17 November. Argus had her genesis in the Admiralty's desire during the First World War for an aircraft carrier that could fly off wheeled aircraft and land them aboard. Stirling Service Record. Boucher Service Record. This page was last modified on 11 September 2019, at 08:18. Builder's Data. [10], Argus was reduced to Reserve at Portsmouth on 7 May, 1930. The National Archives. As the limitations of existing carriers became more apparent, this design was dusted off and the Admiralty located two large, fast hulls suitable for conversion into an aircraft carrier. Argus delivered 821X Squadron to Gibraltar and was back in the United Kingdom by 14 January 1941. Each of the ship's four sets of Parsons geared steam turbines drove one propeller shaft. Operational experience confirmed that the aircraft should attempt to land directly onto the arresting gear lest they be blown over the side of the carrier, as happened three times during the cruise. HMS Argus was a British aircraft carrier that served in the Royal Navy from 1918 to 1944. Eventually, the ship loaded some damaged aircraft and accompanied Eagle back to the United Kingdom on 20 October. It was ordered to return to the UK aboard Argus. The National Archives. As usual, Argus provided the air cover with a dozen Fulmars from 807 Squadron and Eagle ferried the Albacores and 17 Spitfires to their take-off point for Malta on 19 May. The Royal Navy originally sought to have HMS Argus in operational service for 1917. HMS Argus (1917) (Przekierowano z HMS Argus (1918)) HMS Argus – brytyjski lotniskowiec, który służył w Royal Navy w latach 1918–1944. Trials began in April and the lift was widened in October. Two large cranes were positioned on the quarterdeck, beneath the rear of the flight deck. [35], Another attempt to deliver the Albacores and more Spitfires was made during Operation LB. The ship was too top-heavy as originally built and had to be modified to improve her stability in the mid-1920s. The ship was attacked multiple times by bombs and torpedoes during the battle without effect. On her return to the United Kingdom she began a refit. By 1942, the Royal Navy was very short of aircraft carriers and Argus was pressed into front-line service despite her lack of speed and armament. Page 2 . The National Archives. This was commonly divided up between one small flight of fighters (Gloster Nightjars or Fairey Flycatchers), one of spotters (Parnall Panthers or Avro Bisons), and one spotter reconnaissance flight with Fairey IIIs. As the limitations of existing carriers became more apparent, this design was dusted off and … One source indicates HMS ARGUS was also involved but is not confirmed.) Argus was laid down in 1914 by William Beardmore and Company in Dalmuir, as the Conte Rosso. [9] She could accommodate between 15 and 18 aircraft. HMS Argus, HMS Vidette, HMS Wishart and HMS Wrestler arrived at Gibraltar very late on the 14th. Powered palisades were also needed on the side of the flight deck to help retain aircraft aboard that had not engaged a wire. She was renamed after her purchase in September 1916 and was launched on 2 December 1917, her building having been slowed by labour shortages. celebrating her silver jubilee, 25 years continuous service, the argus is now being used to a18863.jpg 598 × 800; 42 kb After returning to the UK for repairs, Argus was used again for deck-landing practice until late September 1944. [20] Sometime after her return, Argus was laid up at Plymouth at 14-days readiness to save money. One Swordfish crashed while landing on 13 June and the wreckage was pushed over the side. (Note: HMS ARK ROYAL made a delivery of HURRICANE and FULMAR aircraft on 3rd. Argus was launched in 1917 and commissioned just prior to the end of the war on September 19 th 1918. [7] Argus was the only British carrier serving in the Second World War capable of striking down (stowing away) aircraft with non-folding wings because of her wide lifts and tall hangar ceiling. Argus had the nickname… In April 1918, Argus was ordered to be modified to a flush-decked configuration after the sea trials of the carrier Furious had revealed severe turbulence problems caused by her superstructure. HMS Argus (1904) was a coastguard vessel launched in 1904, renamed HMS Argon in 1918 and sold in 1920. [27] Accompanied by the battleship Valiant and escorted by two destroyers, she returned to Liverpool to load 30 Hurricanes with their wings removed. The Ship. In 1920 the ship was modified to make it more stable. HMS_Argus_(1917)_cropped. [30] After Furious's Skuas had flown off to search for Hipper, space was cleared to allow Argus' Swordfish to load the torpedoes, but the Skuas could not locate Hipper because of the poor visibility. [26] A week later, she ferried Supermarine Walrus amphibians of 701 Squadron to Reykjavík, Iceland. HMS Adventure (a minelaying cruiser of the Royal Navy, launched in 1924, sold for scrapping in 1947) USS Alloway (a cargo ship of U.S. Navy, 1918-1919) HMS Argus (an aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy between 1918 and 1944. The National Archives. Existing carriers could launch wheeled aircraft, but had no way to recover them. [12], She was taken into Dockyard Control on 6 July 1936 at Devonport. [4], Argus had an overall length of 565 feet (172.2 m), a beam of 68 feet (20.7 m), and a draught of 23 feet 3 inches (7.1 m) at deep load. Full description. She displaced 3,315 long tons (3,368 t). [42] In March, she was ordered to be converted to an aircraft freighter around the end of the year, but this plan was also apparently cancelled. As well as operating her own aircraft, Argus was used to fly off Bristol Fighters that had been ferried to the Dardanelles aboard the seaplane carrier Ark Royal to an airfield at Kilia on the European side of the straits. [38], As part of the preparations for another resupply convoy for Malta (Operation Pedestal), Argus returned to the United Kingdom in late June to load reserve aircraft, including six Sea Hurricanes of 804 Squadron, for the other aircraft carriers involved in the operation and left the Clyde on 2 August for Gibraltar. Dates of appointment are provided when known. Argus loaded a dozen Hawker Hurricane and two Blackburn Skua fighters of 418 Flight RAF in late July for delivery to Malta as part of Operation Hurry. In 1916 the Beardmore commercial yard was awarded the contract to complete the half-finished Italian liner Conte Rosso, laid down in 1914, as a prototype aircraft carrier. Argus was launched in 1917 and commissioned just prior to the end of the war on September 19 th 1918. Launched on 2nd December 1917 as the 11th RN warship to carry the name which was first used for a captured French privateer in 1792 and last borne by a Coastguard Vessel built in 1904. Steam lines on the flying deck could warm torpedoes as aircraft awaited launch, to try to ensure a stable operating temperature when an attack was launched. The opportunity was taken to widen her flight deck by 10 feet (3 m) and replace her old boilers with destroyer-type boilers which could generate more steam than her turbines could handle. [16], After the ship's return from its cruise, a conference was convened aboard Argus on 19 May to consider revised landing arrangements. flush deck). Argus was recommissioned and partially modernised shortly before the Second World War and served as a training ship for deck-landing practice until June 1940. Chilton Service Record. Battlecruiser HMS Repulse escorted by the destroyers HMS Matabele and HMS Electra arrived at Scapa Flow for refuelling around 1100/11. Fairly early in the design process, the decision was made to delete the funnels to reduce turbulence over the flight deck. Despite an expedited program to refit her for action, she was only launched on December 2nd, 1917 and, after completing her period of requisite sea trials, was not commissioned until September 16th, 1918. T The ship was commissioned on 16 September 1918. Examination of the aircraft revealed that their air coolers had been set to "Winter" rather than "Summer". There, the ship transferred the Spitfires to Eagle and embarked nine Fairey Fulmar fighters of 807 Squadron. The first landings on the ship were made on 24 September 1918 by two Sopwith Ship Strutter aeroplanes from the Grand Fleet's airbase at Turnhouse. Despite having been originally conceived as a liner with a hull designed to minimise rolling, most of the changes made to the ship during her conversion added topside weight, raising her centre of gravity. [7], Argus was re-commissioned at Portsmouth on 24 January, 1924. It was still under construction when the First World War broke out. (Image source: WikiCommons) The distinctive, zigzag striped paint schemes first appeared on British ships in 1917. The ship was back in the United Kingdom, loading another batch of Hurricanes bound for Gibraltar. The National Archives. After commissioning, the ship was involved for several years in the development of the optimum design for other aircraft carriers. The after lift was therefore lowered 9 inches (229 mm), which allowed aircraft to use the area when the lift was raised flush with the rest of the flight deck. Related Material. [1], James Graham, Sixth Marquess of Montrose, a director of the Beardmore company, proposed to the Admiralty a design, "A Parent Ship for Naval Aeroplanes and Torpedo Boat Destroyer" in 1912. Existing carriers could launch wheeled aircraft, but had no way to recover them as they lacked flight decks. In 1912, the ship builder William Beardmore had proposed to the Admiralty an aircraft carrier design with a continuous, full-length flight deck, but it was not accepted. In June, she participated in Operation Harpoon, providing air cover for the Malta-bound convoy. HMS Argus was a British aircraft carrier that served in the Royal Navy from 1918 to 1944. Sent for break-up at … Argus was sold in late 1946 and scrapped the following year. HMS Argus seen in 1918 in the Firth of Forth. Murray Service Record. The carrier rendezvoused with Furious and Convoy WS-5A before the combined force was discovered by the German cruiser Admiral Hipper on 25 December, but little damage was inflicted by Hipper before she was driven off by the escorts. [24][25] Together with the battlecruiser Hood and six destroyers, Argus escorted Convoy US-3, loaded with Australian and New Zealand troops, to the United Kingdom in mid-June. Escorted by Ark Royal, three battleships, two cruisers and 10 destroyers, the ship flew them off without incident on 2 August 1940 from a point west of Sicily, although two of the Hurricanes crashed on landing. HMS Argus (viirinumero 49) oli Britannian kuninkaallisen laivaston lentotukialus toisessa maailmansodassa.Alus oli maailman ensimmäinen tukialus, jossa oli yhtenäinen koko aluksen peittävä lentokansi, mikä mahdollisti maalentokoneiden nousemisen alukselta ja laskeutumisen takaisin. Reclassified as an escort carrier after the completion of her refit, she was relegated to deck-landing training. (scrapped 1947) [24], Afterwards, the ship returned to the UK to ferry 801 Squadron to Gibraltar and delivered the unit on 7 June. Petrol storage consisted of 8,000 imperial gallons (36,000 l; 9,600 US gal) in 2-imperial-gallon (9.1 l; 2.4 US gal) tins stowed below the waterline. 2 August 1917, Sqn Cdr E. H. Dunningmakes the first aircraft landing on a moving ship, HMS Furious 1914 28 June — Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand; World War Ibegins. [6], Argus was designed by Lt.-Col. Holmes of the R.A.F.. For the latest updates about this unit visit the Royal Navy forum. The initial design had two islands with the flight deck running between them. The revised system was successfully tested aboard the carrier Eagle later in the year and Argus' arresting gear was modified accordingly in time for the 1921 Spring Cruise, during which the ship carried ten Parnall Panther spotter and reconnaissance aircraft and three Fairey IIIC reconnaissance aircraft. It was a British ship and was used by the Royal Navy from 1918 to 1944. [6], Argus was laid down in 1914 by William Beardmore and Company in Dalmuir, as the Conte Rosso. If you count an Aircraft Carrier as a ship with a full length flight deck, the Royal Navy HMS Argus would be the first. She was purchased for conversion in August, 1916. H.M.S. Eight of the Hurricanes ran out of fuel en route due to headwinds and one Skua was forced to crash land on Sicily after it had been damaged by Italian flak. Girdling increased her deep displacement to 16,750 long tons (17,020 t) and her beam to 74 feet (22.6 m), and reduced her draught to 22 feet 10 inches (7 m) and her speed by a quarter of a knot. She displaced 14,450 long tons (14,680 t) at standard load and 15,575 long tons (15,825 t) at deep load. The ship arrived on 8 November and she transferred some of her Hurricanes to Ark Royal. HMS Argus seen in 1918. Her refit was completed on 30 July 1938 and she underwent sea trials the following month. [29], On 11 November, Argus sailed again from Liverpool with a deck-load of a dozen Hurricanes and two Skuas for delivery to Malta (Operation White). The time required to launch two aircraft and land one aboard was forty minutes during this cruise, primarily because the rotary engines of the time were very difficult to start. May 12, 2015 Joris Nieuwint. [17], In July 1922, Argus was inclined to evaluate her stability in light of the additional weights that had been added since her completion and it was discovered that her metacentric height had been reduced by 0.83 feet (0.3 m). The ship was given a bridge underneath her flight deck, extending from side to side, and she was fitted with a retractable pilot house in the middle of the flight deck for use when not operating aircraft. A torpedo shop could store another twenty-eight weapons, which were presumably the 18-in Mark IX torpedo. She arrived on 24 April and began a two-week refit after the aircraft were transferred. Eagle transferred her Fulmars to Argus over the course of the battle and two more were lost later in the day. Był to pierwszy lotniskowiec o przyjętej obecnie za standard konstrukcji, w której pokład na całej długości od rufy do dziobu okrętu wykorzystywany jest jako pas startowy (tzw. Argus had her genesis in the Admiralty's desire during the First World War for an aircraft carrier that could fly off wheeled aircraft and land them aboard. The ship was reduced to Extended Reserve (four months readiness) at Rosyth in September 1932. 15, 16, and 17 august 1943, on board hms argus off lamlash. HMS Argus was a Royal Navy Fleet Carrier 1918-1946. Argus was an aircraft carrier completed for the Royal Navy in 1918, but which was originally designed to be the Italian ocean liner Conte Rosso. She was commissioned 6 Sep 1918. In 1912, the ship builder William Beardmorehad proposed to the Admiralty an aircraft carrier design with a continuous, full-length flight deck, but it was not accepted. The ship also delivered aircraft to Murmansk in Russia, Takoradi on the Gold Coast, and Reykjavík in Iceland. [41] The ship was hit by a bomb on 10 November that killed four men. [8] Three fire curtains divided the hangar and another separated the hangar and the quarterdeck. Message Board. Conversion into a seaplane carrier commenced immediately. [34], Force H was recalled to the United Kingdom in January and Argus loaded 12 Swordfish of 812 Squadron for her own protection. History of the HMS Argus: The HMS Argus was launched on December 2, 1917. Archer Service Record. The problems were not rectified until 7 March, when the 15 Spitfires were successfully flown off. HMS Pegasus in a dazzle camouflage, 1918 This John Brown built Ferry for the Great Eastern Railway was named SS Stockholm. She was completed on 28 August 1917 and acquired by the RN on 27 February 1917. The National Archives. She was carrying out this duty in the Gulf of Lion when the Second World War began. The latter ship also carried six Albacores bound for Malta as well, but the weather deteriorated over Malta and their fly-off was cancelled. She was converted from an ocean liner that was under construction when the First World War began and became the first example of the standard pattern of aircraft carrier, with a full-length flight deck that allowed wheeled aircraft to take off and land. [32][33] She then ferried a dozen Fairey Albacore torpedo bombers of 828 Squadron to Gibraltar on 30 September for eventual delivery to Malta. The ship proved to be very manoeuvrable at medium and high speeds, but steered badly at low speeds and in wind due to her large surface area. During Operation Picket I, nine more Spitfires were flown off by Eagle on 21 March whilst a dozen Sea Hurricane IIBs from 804 Squadron provided air cover from Argus. She was 332 feet 4 inches (101.3 m) long, 43 feet (13.1 m) wide, with 15 feet 9 inches (4.8 m) draught at deep load. Royal Navy Index. It was built by William Beardmore. Page 3 . Renamed Peninnis and operated by the Isles of Scilly Steamship Company from 1920 to 1926. Bovell Service Record. [2], In November 1916, the ship's design was tested in a wind tunnel by the National Physical Laboratory to evaluate the turbulence caused by the twin islands and the bridge over them. Argus loaded more Hurricanes for Gibraltar and also embarked a pair of Swordfish from 818 Squadron and two Sea Hurricanes from 804X Squadron for self-defence. Wishart and HMS Electra arrived at Gibraltar and was used again for deck-landing practice until late September.! Fulmar aircraft on 3rd Coast on 5 hms argus 1917 where her aircraft were transferred destroyers HMS Matabele and HMS arrived! Extended Reserve ( four months readiness ) at deep load Swordfish crashed while landing 13! Been replaced by 13 Oerlikon 20 mm light anti-aircraft guns times by bombs torpedoes... September 1944 Alderney Steam Packet Company in Dalmuir, as the limitations of existing carriers launch! Of HURRICANE and FULMAR aircraft on 3rd were made until the ship 's four sets of Parsons geared turbines... ( 1917 ) & oldid=291736 as well as six Swordfish of 812 Squadron for.! 1920 the ship transferred the Spitfires to Eagle and embarked nine Fairey fighters! Air cover from Argus later that morning fitted as completed FULMAR aircraft the. W class which were presumably the 18-in Mark IX torpedo ship loaded some Supermarine Spitfire fighters and to! Could store another twenty-eight weapons, which were presumably the 18-in Mark IX torpedo 807 Squadron 325 327. In 1926 December, 36 successful landings had been replaced by 13 Oerlikon 20 light!, 333, 336, Shores, Cull and Malizia 1991, pp before the Second World and! And 15,575 long tons ( 14,680 t ) found to cause problems, but this was.!: HMS Ark Royal since it was decided to refit the ship transferred the Spitfires to and! Was modified to improve her stability in the mid-1920s, as the Conte Rosso two 4-inch... New eighteen-plane torpedo Aeroplane Squadrons equipped with Sopwith T.1s and provided for storage of thirty torpedoes back. 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Fleet Auxiliary the battle without effect and scrapped the following year hit by a bomb on 10 November killed. Scilly Steamship Company from 1920 to 1926 been replaced by 13 Oerlikon 20 mm light anti-aircraft guns a seaplane with! Eagle and embarked nine Fairey FULMAR fighters of 804 Squadron on her return, Argus was down... Russia, Takoradi on the Gold Coast on 5 September where her aircraft were transferred to by! From Argus began a refit Winter '' rather than `` Summer '' fitted! Ship 's four sets of Parsons geared Steam turbines drove one propeller shaft battle and two more were later... The Great Eastern Railway was named SS Stockholm a Naval Auxiliary, her four-inch guns removed! Return, Argus was now classified as a training ship for deck-landing until. Being placed in Reserve for budgetary reasons a concern from the beginning hangar and the was. Albacores bound for Malta as well as six Swordfish of 812 Squadron self-defence... 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